The social and philosophical function of language

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Speech and language handicaps

In the philosophy of language, speech and expression are identified as component of human communication. Here, human speech refers to the production of oral symbols of language. These symbols serve as a conduit wire through which rational entities communicate rational thoughts and ideas through speech, gestures, and written forms. In the linguistic reflection of man, speech problem are identified as those associated with articulation (faculty production of sound) and which fall into four reflective categories: substitution, distortion, omission, and addiction. Other speech problems include disorders of voice (problem, and quality and fluency (shuttering or cluttering). Sequel to speech problem is language problem. At all times, language problems result from language delays and language disorders. Language disorder includes problems in the reception or expression of language and aphasia. Receptive language disorder refers to the problems of understanding language. Aphasia may impair language acquisition and/or expression due to injury, disease or incomplete brain development. There are other causes of speech and language disorder which include: emotional problems, faculty learning, inadequate experiences and opportunities for developing appropriate language, physiological abnormalities such as that associated with cerebral palsy, and hearing impairment. When speech deviates from normal linguistic order, it generally makes both the speaker and listener uncomfortable. When both parties fail to arrive at one ultimate goal, then the social function and ambition of language is defeated. If it is severe enough, the individual may become a social isolate or linguistic outcast. Studies have shown that difficulty in communication may impact all aspects of an individual’s life. Also severe speech and language problems may result in emotional and social delay and disturbances. These disabilities however, may seriously affect learning and impede academic enhancement and social development. The diagnosis of this problem is handled by speech/language pathologists or speech clinicians.Language as a remarkable social adaptation conveyed through words testifies to the growing influence of evolutionary thinking in psychology, linguistic anthropology, and general linguistic power of man (Chris, et al, 2000). This is the more reason why Aristotle gave the classical definition of man as living being who has logos. Following this line of thinking, man in the Western philosophy is traditionally known as animal rationale. Man as a rational being is distinguished from all other primates by his capacity of thought. According to Aristotle, thinking and perceiving are two distinguishing activities of perception of the special objects of sense that is always free from error and are found in all animals. Where it is possible to think falsely or truly, thought is found only where there is discourse of reason.

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