Height of new World Trade Center debated in US

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CHICAGO (AP) — Rising from the ashes of the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks, the new World Trade Center tower has punched above the New York skyline to reach its powerfully symbolic height of 1,776 feet and become the tallest building in the United States. Or has it?
 
A committee of architects recognized as the arbiters on world building heights was meeting Friday to decide whether a design change affecting the skyscraper's 1,338-feet needle disqualifies it from being counted. Disqualification would deny the tower the title as America's tallest.
 
But there's more than bragging rights at stake; One World Trade Center stands as a monument to those killed in the terrorist attacks, and the ruling could dim the echo of America's founding year in the structure's height. Without the needle, the building measures 1,368 feet, a number that also holds symbolic weight as the height of the original World Trade Center.
 
What's more, the decision is being made by an organization based in Chicago, whose cultural and architectural history is embodied by the Willis — formerly Sears — Tower that would be knocked into second place by a vote in favor of the New York structure.
 
"Most of the time these decisions are not so controversial," said Daniel Safarik, an architect and spokesman for the nonprofit Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. The 30 members of its Height Committee are meeting to render a judgment behind closed doors in Chicago, where the world's first skyscraper appeared in 1884.
 
The committee, comprising industry professionals from all over the world, will announce its decision next week.
 
Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP, headquartered in Chicago, designed both buildings. Its Willis Tower opened as Sears Tower in 1973, and the tower remained the tallest building in the world until 1996 when the council ruled that the Petronas Twin Towers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, had knocked it from the top spot.
 
The Burj Khalifa, in Dubai, United Arab Emirantes, is currently world's tallest building standing 2,722 feet.
 
The question over One World Trade Center, which remains under construction and is expected to open next year, arose because of a change to the design of its tower-topping needle. Under the council's current criteria, spires that are an integral part of a building's aesthetic design count; broadcast antennas that can be added and removed do not.
 
The designers of One World Trade Center had intended to enclose the mast's communications gear in decorative cladding made of fiberglass and steel. But the developer removed that exterior shell from the design, saying it would be impossible to properly maintain or repair.
 
Without it, the question is whether the mast is now primarily just a broadcast antenna.
 
According to Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, the needle will have a communications platform for radio and television equipment, but it will also be topped with an LED beacon that will fire out a horizontal blaze of light visible from 26 miles away — a feature that has been described as a crowning beacon of hope.
 
The developers said they planned to test the beacon Friday night.
 
Safarik said the committee might consider amending its height criteria during the Friday meeting — a move with much broader implications that could force a reshuffle in the rankings of the tallest buildings in the world.
 
If the matter weren't so steeped in emotion it might have set off some of the good natured ribbing emblematic of the history of one-upmanship between New York and Chicago. But One World Trade Center is a monument to American resilience admired well beyond Manhattan.
 
"We take our hats off to them out here in Chicago and the Midwest," said Robert Wislow, chairman and chief executive of U.S. Equities, the firm that manages the Willis Tower. "And we welcome the building to the elite club of the tallest buildings in the world. Nobody's looking at this like a competition."
 
Still, the Willis has a central place in Chicago's history, speaking to the city's own tradition of recovering from adversity ever since the 1871 Great Fire and its history of creating architectural marvels, said Peter Alter, an archivist at the Chicago History Museum.
 
And the Willis can still claim to get visitors up higher: The highest occupied floor in the 1,450-foot (not including antenna height), 110-story Willis Tower is still higher up than that of the 104-story One World Trade Center. In a sign of just how in dispute building measurements can be, the council says the Willis has 108 floors.
 
At the Willis' 103rd floor thrill-seekers can step out into one of the glass boxes known as The Ledge that extend outside the building's steel frame and look straight down 1,353 feet.
 
In New York, the debate was upsetting to Jim Riches, a retired fire department deputy chief who lost his son Jimmy, a 29-year-old firefighter, in the terrorist attack.
 
"You know what? I think it's a ridiculous argument. It doesn't matter to me what height it is," he said. "You know, my son's not going to walk back in that door again. And that's the big thing. He's gone."
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